Tests of large language models' medical competence and application for clinical decision support of musculoskeletal rehabilitation

作者：Ruikang Liu, Qiaoling Liu, Qiang Hu, Raluca Nan, Jingyu He, Jinru Yang, Jialin Zhang, Guang Yang, Zhiqiang Yang, Xiling Xiao, Xiaoxuan Xia, Yongchao Wu · 发表于：Frontiers in Digital Health · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3389/fdgth.2025.1719340 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education、Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills、Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery

Objective: Large language models (LLMs) are currently abundant and diverse, yet clinicians lack clarity on top performers, with uncertainty about general LLMs' expertise in musculoskeletal rehabilitation. This study aims to investigate the potential and correctness of LLMs in clinical application, and to evaluate whether LLMs could assist primary rehabilitation therapists to prepare for rehabilitation examination. Method: 8 primary doctors and therapists tested 10 LLMs in the first test, 5 senior doctors and therapists assessed answers in the second test, and 5 primary therapists acted as examinees in the third test. We assessed the quality of case analysis based on six different dimensions, including Case Understanding, Clinical Reasoning, Primary Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, Treatment Plan Accuracy and Safety, and Guidelines & Consensus. Results: < 0.001). In the second test, Doubao 1.5 pro achieved relatively high scores in both cases, and LLMs gained high scores in "Case understanding", "Clinical Reasoning" and "Diagnosis". In the third test, primary therapists achieving a mean accuracy rate of 76.9%, and Doubao 1.5 pro improved its accuracy rates to 85.8%. Conclusions: Doubao 1.5 pro possessed competent ability and application prospects, and was assessed as the best LLM for answering musculoskeletal rehabilitation questions. We also demonstrated that the response quality of local-language LLMs was significantly better than that of English LLMs in answering localize...