Spatial patterns of Asian summer monsoon precipitation in the Chinese monsoon region since the LGM

作者：Tao Li, Wei Jia, Yan Yang, Hai Cheng, Jingyao Zhao, Shaoneng He, Guangxin Liu, Haowen Fan, Ting‐Yong Li, Lidan Lei, Xiaofeng Ren, Na Zhang, Yinhuan Zhang, Jingfeng Lin, R. Lawrence Edwards · 发表于：npj Climate and Atmospheric Science · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1038/s41612-026-01345-4 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Geology and Paleoclimatology Research、Tree-ring climate responses、Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils

Despite numerous proxy-based reconstructions of climate since the Last Glacial Maximum, spatial hydroclimate variability in the Chinese monsoon region remains enigmatic. Here, we examine four stalagmites from northern China that collectively provide a continuous, highly resolved multi-proxy record over the past 25.5 ka. δ 18 O records capture large-scale variations in Asian summer monsoon (ASM) circulation, whereas trace element ratios and δ 13 C reflect regional precipitation variability; both follow precessional rhythms. Chinese stalagmite δ 18 O exhibits a zonal tripolar pattern, reflecting moisture sources and transport pathways. During Termination I, a meridional tripolar spatial precipitation pattern emerged, driven by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and mid-latitude westerlies dynamics. While precipitation peaked during the Middle Holocene, ASM circulation was strongest in the Early Holocene, a dipole hydrological pattern linked to residual Northern Hemisphere ice volume. A similar tripolar pattern re-emerged during the 4.2 ka event, suggesting a dominant role of ENSO in shaping this anomaly.