Impact of Outdoor Environmental Exposome on Depressive Symptoms Among Children Aged 9–14 in China

作者：Yaqi Wang, Di Shi, Jiajia Dang, Jieyu Liu, Y. L. Liu, Ziyue Chen, Jianhui Guo, Xinyao Lian, Yihang Zhang, Xinxin Wang, Jieyun Song, Yanhui Dong, Jing Li, Yi Song · 发表于：Environmental Science & Technology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1021/acs.est.5c10618 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging、Sleep and related disorders、Air Quality and Health Impacts

To assess associations between multiple environmental factors and depressive symptoms (DS) among children and adolescents, we conducted a school-based longitudinal study among 1,418 Chinese students aged 9–14 years, with baseline and follow-up surveys conducted from 2022 to 2023. Twenty outdoor environmental exposures from three domains, air pollutants, meteorological conditions, and geographical features were assessed. DS was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. An exposome-wide association study was used to explore associations and identify important environmental exposures related to DS, followed by eXtreme Gradient Boosting to rank their relative importance. Composite scores for three environmental domains were constructed to assess their joint impacts on DS. Exposure to PM 2.5, PM 10, temperature, wind speed, artificial light at night, and building density were significantly associated with increased odds of DS, while higher relative humidity, and higher greenness indicators (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI], forest-shrub-grass coverage, and cropland coverage) were inversely associated. Among all exposures, building density showed the greatest contribution in the model ranking. Considering the joint impacts, unfavorable environmental profiles across all three domains were significantly associated with higher odds of DS, particularly among children with abnormal weight or higher metabolic risk. Importantly, population attribut...