Recent Advances in Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Ocean Current Energy Harvesting

作者：Yaning Chen, Mengwei Wu, Yuzhuo Tian, Rongming Zhang, Weitao Zhao, Hengxu Du, Jianhua Zhang, Yimeng Du, Taili Du, Haichao Yuan, Jicang Si, Minyi Xu · 发表于：Journal of Marine Science and Engineering · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3390/jmse14030249 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials、Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies、Dielectric materials and actuators

Ocean current energy, owing to its predictability and stability, is regarded as an ideal power source for distributed marine observation networks and underwater intelligent equipment. However, conventional ocean current energy devices that rely on rigid turbines and electromagnetic generators generally suffer from high cut-in flow velocity, bulky size, high maintenance costs, and significant environmental disturbance, making them unsuitable for deep-sea, miniaturized, and long-duration power supply scenarios. These limitations highlight the urgent need for flexible and low-speed energy harvesters capable of autonomous, long-term operation. In recent years, nanogenerator technology has provided new opportunities for distributed and low-power ocean current energy harvesting. PENGs and TENGs can directly convert weak mechanical energy into electricity, enabling energy harvesting in small-scale and low-velocity flow fields. PENGs offer high durability and mechanical robustness, whereas TENGs exhibit superior output performance in low-speed and intermittent flows. This paper provides a comprehensive review of structural designs, material innovations, interface engineering, hybrid energy-conversion architectures, and power-management strategies for PENG- and TENG-based ocean current energy harvesters. Overall, future progress will rely on the integration of intelligent materials, multi-field coupling mechanisms, and system-level engineering strategies to achieve durable, scalable, ...