Characteristics of T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome complicated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: a retrospective study

作者：Ying Xu, Yang Liu, Yajun Qian, Ning Liu, Jian Tang, Di Dong, Mao Xia, Weiwei Wu, Qin Gu · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2025.1748830 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Vector-borne infectious diseases、Hematological disorders and diagnostics、Antifungal resistance and susceptibility

Objectives: Immunosuppressed patients often acquire invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). In recent years, the incidence of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) complicated with IPA has increased. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the counts of T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with SFTS combined with IPA and explore their predictive value for IPA infection in SFTS patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all patients with SFTS admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January 2016 and August 2022. The patients were divided into IPA and the non-IPA group. Clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, comorbidities, and overall prognosis were collected. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on six of the samples. Results: A total of 99 SFTS patients were included, of whom 21 (21.2%) developed IPA. The 28-day mortality rate (33.3%) was higher in the IPA group than in the non-IPA group. The IPA group had a significant decrease in the absolute counts of total lymphocytes and CD4+ T lymphocytes and an increase in the ratio of CD4/CD8 T lymphocytes. ROC curves showed that the sensitivity and specificity for predicting the occurrence of IPA in SFTS patients was 50% and 95%, respectively, when the cut-off value for CD4+ T lymphocytes was 386 cells/μL. The transcriptome analysis revealed significant differences in host gene expression profiles between IPA and non-IPA groups, with notable enrichment in KEGG pathways re...