Effects of Eutrophication and Warming on Lake Ecosystems

作者：Erik Jeppesen, Haojie Su, Haijun Wang, Zhengwen Liu · 发表于：Global Change Biology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1111/gcb.70715 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics、Marine and coastal ecosystems、Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology

Lake ecosystems are presently seriously threatened by various global changes. Two of the main stressors are (1) enhanced nutrient input, that is, eutrophication due to a fast-increasing world population demanding higher agricultural production, inevitably leading to higher nutrient loss, and (2) global warming (Birk et al. 2020). Warming and eutrophication interact with major implications for lake ecosystem structure and function (Jeppesen et al. 2010). Different approaches have been used to elucidate the interactions between warming and eutrophication in lakes. One method is space-for-time substitution (SFTS), based on cross-comparisons of data sampled along climate (latitude or altitude) and land-use gradients (e.g., Meerhoff et al. 2012). The strength of SFTS is that the biological assemblages present have had time to evolve and adapt to the climate in which they live. However, a potential weakness is that regional biogeographical constraints are not considered. An alternative is to analyze long-term time-series data from periods facing changes in nutrient loading and climate. Such data are free of biogeographical problems and may provide information on the changes to be expected in the short term. However, they cannot account for changes (e.g., in species assemblages, (micro)evolution and adaptation) that will occur in the longer term, and they are inherently affected by transient/resilient phenomena. While SFTS and time-series studies have yielded important information o...