Docetaxel Rechallenge vs Cabazitaxel in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

作者：Pedro C. Barata, June K. Corrigan, Jennifer La, John M. Culnan, Elliot H. Akama‐Garren, Karlynn N. Dulberger, Clark DuMontier, Jason Hansen, John Bihn, Rhonda L. Bitting, Mary T. Brophy, Heather H. Cheng, Matthew R. Cooperberg, V. Nhan, Tanya B. Dorff, Antonio Tito Fojo, J. Michael Gaziano, Sergey Goryachev, Susan Halabi, Richard L. Hauger, David M. Nanus, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Chong-xian Pan, Martin W. Schoen, Kaitlin N. Swinnerton, Kenute Myrie, Rachel B. Ramoni, N. Fillmore, Channing J. Paller, Matthew B. Rettig · 发表于：JAMA Network Open · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.51231 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research、Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment、Bone health and treatments

Importance: Docetaxel has been a standard treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) since 2004. Cabazitaxel, a related taxane, was approved in 2010 for patients with mCRPC who had been previously treated with docetaxel. The comparative effectiveness of docetaxel rechallenge vs switching to cabazitaxel after prior docetaxel for mCRPC remains unclear. Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes associated with docetaxel rechallenge vs cabazitaxel in patients with mCRPC who did not experience disease progression during prior administration of docetaxel in the mCRPC setting. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the nationwide Veterans Affairs health care system, using inverse probability of treatment weighting to control for potential confounders. Patients who were diagnosed with chemonaive mCRPC between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2023, received initial docetaxel treatment, and did not experience disease progression were eligible to participate. Exposures: Treatment with docetaxel rechallenge or cabazitaxel. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) from the initiation of the second course of taxane, which was compared in patients treated with docetaxel rechallenge vs cabazitaxel using weighted Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Secondary outcomes included prostate-specific antigen response, time to next systemic treatment or death, ...