Impact of Hydrogen Energy Share and Spark Ignition Timing on Combustion Behavior, Performance, and Emissions of a Gasoline Engine

作者：Mhadi A. Ismael, Mohamed Hamdy, Alaa M. Khedr, Mohammed El-Adawy, Medhat A. Nemitallah · 发表于：Journal of energy resources technology. · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1115/1.4070835 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies、Biodiesel Production and Applications、Combustion and flame dynamics

Abstract This study investigates experimentally the impact of hydrogen energy share (HES) and ignition timing (IG) on the combustion, performance, thermal behavior, and emissions of a hydrogen–gasoline dual-fuel spark-ignition engine. Experiments were conducted at a fixed engine speed of 1500 rpm, with hydrogen enrichment varied from 0% to 40% by energy share. Ignition timing was adjusted between 14 deg crank angle (CA) and 18 deg CA before top dead center (BTDC). The results showed that increasing HES to 40% led to an earlier mass fraction burned (MFB), a shorter burn duration, and increases in peak in-cylinder pressure and maximum pressure rate (MPR) by up to 22.6% and 56%, respectively. The peak heat release rate (HRR) also increased by up to 14.6%. The indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) peaked at 10% HES but declined thereafter due to reduced volumetric efficiency. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) decreased across all ignition timings by up to 18%, while brake power showed only minor reductions. Indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) improved significantly, reaching up to 32.5% at 40% HES. Emission analysis revealed substantial reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) (19.3%), carbon monoxide (CO) (41.9%), and hydrocarbon (HC) (14.6%) with increasing HES, attributed to enhanced combustion efficiency and a lower concentration of carbon species in the fuel–air mixture. However, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions increased by 60% due to elevated flame temperatures. These findi...