Dynamic changes in the sea-land convergence zone: Long-term coastal wetland dynamics, landscape pattern evolution, and human-activity impacts in Zhejiang

作者：Bingbing Liu, Fei Zhang, P. P. Anil Kumar, Gowhar Meraj, Verner Carl Johnson, Yasin Orooji, Ngai Weng Chan, Peng Wang, Lifei Wei, Xu Ma, Fengqin Yan, Wei Si, Zhixiong Chen, Sichen Xiong · 发表于：Ecological Indicators · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114583 · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics、Remote Sensing in Agriculture、Land Use and Ecosystem Services

Coastal wetlands serve as vital ecological buffer zones between marine and terrestrial systems, performing crucial roles in the protection of coastal erosion, wave and tsunami protection, and maintaining ecological functions. However, these important wetlands are increasingly being destroyed and incessantly threatened by human activities. The literature shows existing studies are primarily focused on specific periods or single wetland types, lacking long-term and multi-type systematic analyses. Therefore, this study utilizes Landsat time-series imagery and multiple auxiliary data sources, employing GEE and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm to construct a 35-year time-series wetland classification dataset. It analyzes the dynamic changes of coastal wetlands in Zhejiang Province from 1990 to 2024. Based on the analyses, the primary results are:1) The overall classification evaluation of mapping precision in coastal land types in Zhejiang Province reached 78.6 %, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.75. Although the wetland area peaked in 2005 at 10,700 km 2 , the overall picture from 1990 to 2024 shows that the wetland area had clearly declined, with the total area in 2024 about 20 % smaller than in 1990. Specifically, tidal flats and inland marshes showed significant shrinkage. In contrast, the area of building land increased by over 1900 km 2 , primarily through the continued conversion of tidal flats, inland wetlands, and croplands.2) Inland marshes experienced the most severe degra...