Biomolecular Insights Into the Antifungal Activity of <i>Allium</i> Species Constituents: From Mechanisms to Applications

作者：Saeid Eslami, Behzad Zolfaghari, Masoud Sadeghi Dinani, Mustafa Ghanadian · 发表于：Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.5812/ijpr-162031 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Garlic and Onion Studies、Shallot Cultivation and Analysis、Medical Research and Islamic Perspectives

Context: This review explores the antifungal potential of Allium species, emphasizing pure compounds identified through phytochemical studies. It also analyzes the mechanisms and efficacy of Allium-derived antifungal agents within pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food science applications. Objectives: To assess the antifungal properties of major Allium species and their bioactive compounds, and to evaluate their mechanisms of action and effectiveness across pharmaceutical treatments, agricultural pathogen control, and food preservation. Data Sources: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major scientific databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Study Selection: Studies reporting antifungal activities of major Allium species and their isolated compounds were selected based on PRISMA guidelines. Data Extraction: Data were extracted from recent research focusing on the antifungal effects, mechanisms of action, and minimum inhibitory concentrations of sulfur compounds and saponins derived from Allium species. Results: Sulfur-containing compounds such as allicin and ajoene were found to disrupt fungal cell metabolism, destabilize cellular structures, and induce oxidative stress. These compounds showed strong activity against pathogens including Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. Saponins were also identified as key antifungal agents, with spirostane and spirostanol saponins from species like A. ampeloprasum a...