Protein Post-Translational Modifications in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses

作者：Gengmi Li, Baohua Feng, Qian‐Hao Zhu, Kaifeng Jiang, Tao Zhang · 发表于：Plants · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/plants15010052 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance、Heat shock proteins research、Transgenic Plants and Applications

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), as an important biological process of plants responding to environmental stimuli, can regulate the chemical decoration and properties of translated proteins by altering amino acid side chains or protein terminal structures, thereby affecting the synthesis, assembly, localization, function, and degradation of proteins. Notably, PTMs regulate protein function without changing protein expression levels. Two dozen types of PTMs have been identified. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of major types of PTMs, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, glycosylation, methylation, and acetylation, with a focus on their regulatory roles in plant responses to abiotic stresses. Under heat stress, phosphorylation activates transcription factors such as HSFA1 (heat shock transcription factor 1), while SUMOylation regulates the activity of HSFA1/HSFA2 in the heat stress signaling pathway. Upon cold stress, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and S-acylation collectively regulate the expression of cold tolerance-related genes. The drought stress response relies on SnRK2s (Sucrose 321 non-Fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2s) -mediated phosphorylation, regulation of ARF7 (auxin response factor 7) by SUMOylation, and ubiquitination. In salt stress, the coupling of phosphorylation of SOS (salt overly sensitive) pathway-related proteins, ubiquitination, and phospholipid metabolism maintains ion homeostasis. Additionally, ...