Effects of high basal luteinizing hormone levels on in vitro fertilization/intra-cytoplasmic injection outcomes in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a retrospective study

作者：Hongfa Peng, Lu Wang, Jingjing Jiang, Ting Pan, Yi Yang, Na Cui, Yanan Sun, Guimin Hao, Wei Wang · 发表于：Journal of Ovarian Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s13048-025-01899-6 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Ovarian function and disorders、Reproductive Biology and Fertility、Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

BACKGROUND: The clinical implications of elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) fresh embryo transfer cycles remain unclear, particularly regarding oocyte maturation and pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of basal LH elevation on treatment outcomes and compare the efficacy of protocols involving gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) for ovarian stimulation in patients with PCOS undergoing in vivo IVF/ICSI. METHODS: This single-center, retrospective cohort study included 1,269 patients with PCOS who underwent IVF/ICSI treatment following a flexible GnRH-ant or long GnRH-a protocol with a human chorionic gonadotropin trigger between January 2013 and December 2023. Primary outcomes included the number of retrieved oocytes, metaphase II (MII) oocytes, two pronuclear embryos, high-quality embryos, and the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) rate. Secondary outcomes included clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rates following fresh embryo transfer. RESULTS: Among the participants, 492 (38.77%) exhibited basal LH levels of ≥ 10 mIU/mL, and 777 (61.23%) had LH levels of < 10 mIU/mL. Additionally, 465 (36.64%) and 804 (63.36%) participants underwent GnRH-ant and GnRH-a protocols, respectively. Elevated basal LH levels showed no significant associations with ...