A Behavioral Model of Entrepreneurial Supply

作者：Benjamin Gilad, Philip Levine · 发表于：Journal of Small Business Management · 年份：1986 · 被引用次数：282 · 研究领域：Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences

A BEHAVIORAL MODEL OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SUPPLY One of the more persistent debates among researchers of entrepreneurship is between the Trait and Contingency schools. The first postulates that entrepreneurs share a common type of personality which explains their behavior. David McClelland is probably the best-known representative of this long-established school, which continues to have many supporters. Recent research on the subject, however, appears to be moving away from the concept of entrepreneurial personality and toward a contingency view of entrepreneurship as a response to particular situations. According to this second view, the personality traits required of entrepreneurs tend to vary as external conditions change. Researchers at the Harvard Business School are among the leding proponents of this second view. Another advocate of this newer approach is Peter Drucker, who claims that what all the successful entrepreneurs have in common is not a certain kind of personality, but a commitment to the systematic practice of innovation. One question which arises in relation to the situational approach to entrepreneurship is that of the type of environment (or contingency) which is most likely to give rise to the entrepreneurial response. According to Drucker, almost every situation seems to offer its own inducement for innovative responses. For example, our current economy, with its declining industrial base, seems to have opened opportunities for entrepreneurial response in o...