Spatial heterogeneity and driving factors of ecosystem service trade-offs in Beijing’s ecological conservation area: Insights for spatial planning and management

作者：Yuanyuan Yang, Mingying Yang, Weiye Wang, Hui Chen, Xiao Sun · 发表于：Landscape Ecology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s10980-025-02277-9 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Land Use and Ecosystem Services、Urban Green Space and Health、Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management

Abstract Context Although rapid urbanization affects ecosystems’ ability to provide multiple ecosystem services (ESs), potentially intensifying trade-offs or fostering synergies among them, the spatial variation of urbanization’s impact on ES trade-offs remains underexplored. The urban–rural gradient effectively depicts the shift from human-dominated landscapes to more natural ones, providing insight into the spatial heterogeneity of urbanization’s influence on ES trade-offs. This understanding is vital for refining ES management and improving regional landscape sustainability. Additionally, conventional regression methods are insufficient for uncovering the intricate nonlinear mechanisms driving ES trade-offs and identifying priority optimizing areas. Objectives To investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics, underlying drivers, and priority optimization areas of ES trade-offs along the urban–rural gradient, thereby facilitating coordinated development of regional human–environment systems. Methods This study quantitatively analyzed the spatial differentiation of ESs and their trade-offs along the urban–rural gradient, and then integrated optimal parameters-based geographical detector and Bayesian belief network models to identify the underlying drivers of ES trade-offs and priority optimization areas. Results (1) The average values of water yield (WY), food production (FP), soil conservation (SC), and leisure recreation (LR) increased, while those of carbon sequestration (CS) a...