Improved filter bank common spatial pattern algorithm based on the sparrow search algorithm

作者：Yingyu Cao, Jihui Ding, Zhenxi Zhao, Yongzheng He, Minyue Fu, Xuecheng Liu, Xiangpeng Lyv · 发表于：Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fnhum.2025.1679329 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces、Functional Brain Connectivity Studies、Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation

Introduction: The application of motor imagery in human-computer interaction and rehabilitative medicine has attracted growing attention due to recent advances in brain-computer interface technologies. However, traditional EEG decoding paradigms based on fixed frequency-band segmentation often exhibit limited performance because they fail to capture individual variability in brain rhythms. Methods: This work proposes an adaptive method that integrates the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) with Filter Bank Common Spatial Pattern (FBCSP) to optimize sub-band segmentation for motor imagery EEG decoding. SSA adaptively searches for optimal sub-band boundaries, enabling individualized frequency-band selection. Results: Experiments on the BCI Competition IV 2a dataset under a cross-session evaluation protocol (training on session T, testing on session E) demonstrated that SSA-FBCSP effectively improves frequency-band adaptability. The SSA-FBCSP approach was further combined with Support Vector Machine (SVM), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifiers to evaluate the influence of different downstream classifiers. Conclusion: Among them, SSA-FBCSP-LDA achieved the best performance, outperforming the conventional uniform sub-band approach by 21.76% and reaching an average accuracy of 89.92%. The adaptively selected sub-bands closely matched the ERD/ERS distribution, confirming the method's effectiveness in frequency-band optimization. Compared with recen...