Hepatitis A to E in People with HIV: A Virus-Specific Review of Prevention and Treatment

作者：Kuan‐Yin Lin, Yi-Chia Huang, Miao‐Hui Huang, Tsung-Yu Tsai, Guan‐Jhou Chen, Yu-Shan Huang, Sung‐Hsi Huang, Hsin‐Yun Sun, Chien‐Ching Hung · 发表于：Infectious Diseases and Therapy · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s40121-025-01282-4 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology、Hepatitis B Virus Studies、Hepatitis C virus research

People with HIV (PWH) are disproportionately affected by viral hepatitis as a result of overlapping transmission routes, reduced vaccine immunogenicity, altered disease progression, and unique therapeutic considerations under HIV-related immunosuppression. Although the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has significantly improved outcomes, viral hepatitis remains a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in this population. This virus-specific review summarizes current knowledge and recent advances in the epidemiology, vaccination, and treatment strategies for hepatitis A through E (i.e., hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV); HAV-HEV) among PWH. HAV has re-emerged in community outbreaks among men who have sex with men (MSM), with prolonged or atypical presentations in people who are immunocompromised, underscoring the need for improved vaccination coverage and durable immunity. HBV coinfection remains the most clinically significant challenge, requiring lifelong dual-active ART and raising persistent concerns about poor vaccine response and long-term protection. HCV has become curable with DAAs, yet reinfection-particularly among MSM and people who inject drugs-remains a major barrier to microelimination. HDV, though less prevalent, causes severe liver disease and now has promising targeted therapies under clinical use or investigat...