Cross-species consensus atlas of the primate basal ganglia

作者：Nelson Johansen, Yuanyuan Fu, Matthew T. Schmitz, Alma Dubuc, Niklas Kempynck, Morgan E. Wirthlin, Aaron D. Garcia, Madeleine N. Hewitt, Meghan A. Turner, Stephanie C. Seeman, Brian R. Long, Xiao-Ping Liu, Shu Dan, Michael DeBerardine, Inkar Kapen, Anna Marie Yanny, Alida Avola, Samuel T. Barlow, Darren Bertagnolli, Ashwin A. Bhandiwad, Agata Budzillo, Victor Eduardo Nieto Caballero, Lakme Caceres, Tamara Casper, Anish Bhaswanth Chakka, Rushil Chakrabarty, Michael Clark, Scott F. Daniel, Jeroen Eggermont, Rebecca Ferrer, Leon French, Jessica Gloe, Jeff Goldy, Nathan Guilford, Junitta B. Guzman, Daniel Hirschstein, Windy V. Ho, K. James, Danielle L. Jones, Matthew Jungert, Madhav Kannan, Katarzyna Kedzierska, Thomas Kroes, Mckaila Leytze, Arena A. Manning, Rachel McCue, Christopher Morrison, Beagan Nguy, Sven Otto, Nick Pena, Trangthanh H. Pham, Elliot J Phillips, Abhejit Rajagopal, Christine Rimorin, Andrea Domenico Rivera, Dana B. Rocha, Raymond E.A. Sanchez, Geoffrey F. Schau, Jessica Schembri, Nadiya V. Shapovalova, Jamie A. Sherman, Julian Thijssen, Michael Tieu, Amy Torkelson, Alex Tran, Alexander Vieth, Yongqi Wang, Dan Yuan, Jennie Close, Tanya L. Daigle, Rachel A. Dalley, Nick Dee, Song‐Lin Ding, Elysha Fiabane, Nathan W. Gouwens, Grace H Huynh, Brian Lee, Boaz P. Levi, Delissa McMillen, Jeremy A. Miller, Tyler S. Mollenkopf, Lydia Ng, Patrick L. Ray, Cassandra Sobieski, Staci A. Sorensen, Zizhen Yao, Faraz YazdaniBanafsheDaragh, Winrich A. Freiwald, Boudewijn P. F. Lelieveldt, Brian E. Kalmbach, Christopher Dirk Keene, Jesse A Gillis, David Osumi-Sutherland, Jonathan T. Ting, Hongkui Zeng, Kimberly A. Smith, Fenna M. Krienen, Rebecca D. Hodge, Ed S. Lein, Trygve E. Bakken · 发表于：bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.64898/2025.12.15.694496 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics、Neural dynamics and brain function、Cell Image Analysis Techniques

The basal ganglia (BG) are conserved brain regions essential for motor control, learning, emotion, and cognition, and are implicated in neurological and psychiatric disease. Yet a unified cross-species taxonomy of BG cell types is lacking, limiting translation of BG circuit mechanisms, interpretation of human genetic risk, and development of cell type-targeted tools. We present a multiomic consensus atlas of 1.8 million nuclei from human, macaque, and marmoset spanning eight BG structures. Integrating cross-species gene expression, open chromatin, and spatial profiling enables definition of conserved and divergent cell types. Alignment to existing mouse and human atlases identifies 61 homologous cell types conserved over 80 million years. We identify a STRd D2 StrioMat Hybrid medium spiny neuron (MSN) type with molecular, electrophysiological, and morphological features that clarify hybrid MSN identities. Comparative cis-regulatory analysis reveals conserved sequence grammars that encode cell identity and inform viral targeting strategies, providing a foundational resource for BG evolution, function, and disease.