Experimental enhancement of structural heterogeneity in forest landscapes promotes multidimensional hoverfly diversity

作者：Clàudia Massó Estaje, Julia Rothacher, Ante Vujić, Marija Miličić, Anne Chao, Oliver Mitesser, Jörg Müller, Alice Claßen, Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter · 发表于：Journal of Applied Ecology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1111/1365-2664.70252 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies、Wood and Agarwood Research、Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology

Abstract The homogenization of temperate forests due to intensive management has led to biodiversity loss at local and landscape scales, threatening species persistence and ecosystem functions. However, experimental evidence on how structural heterogeneity among forest patches influences diversity at the landscape scale is lacking. Here, we test whether enhancing structural heterogeneity, via diverse deadwood enrichment and canopy gap creation treatments (Enhancement of Structural Beta Complexity, ESBC), can increase hoverfly diversity within landscapes and elucidate the contributions of local (α) diversity enrichment and turnover (β‐diversity) to this effect. We conducted a large‐scale forest experiment in 11 regions across Germany. Each region included two districts, representing small forest landscapes. In one district, we implemented patches with ESBC treatments, while in the other, serving as the control, we established patches without ESBC. Hoverflies were sampled in three seasonal intervals and across, in total, 234 forest patches (50 × 50 m; ESBC: 117, Control: 117) using pan traps. We applied a new integrative meta‐analytic framework that incorporates sample completeness to quantify taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity (TD, FD, PD) using Hill numbers at α, β, and γ scales. All three γ‐diversity dimensions—TD, FD and PD—were significantly higher in structurally heterogeneous forest landscapes than in homogeneous ones. The strongest effects were observed f...