Risk factors associated with bone cement leakage following percutaneous kyphoplasty: a retrospective analysis

作者：Wei Mao, Liping Fan, Aiqi Zhang, Jiahui Tong, Xiaodi Zou, Jiamin Qian, Jiahao Chen, Zhe Chen · 发表于：European journal of medical research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s40001-025-03608-x · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques、Cervical and Thoracic Myelopathy、Hip and Femur Fractures

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) is a minimally invasive procedure in which bone cement is injected into a damaged vertebral body to rapidly alleviate pain and stabilize the spine. The most common complication associated with this procedure is bone cement leakage. Following leakage, compression can occur, potentially leading to severe clinical consequences such as paraplegia, spinal cord compression, cement pulmonary embolism, and even death. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for bone cement leakage in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) following PKP, and to develop a nomogram to predict the risk of recurrent fractures. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 308 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) who underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) treatment between January 2021 and December 2024 involving 349 vertebral bodies. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of bone cement leakage: the control group (n = 280) and the cement leakage group (n = 69). Clinical, imaging, and surgical data were analyzed, and the following potential risk factors were identified: age, gender, height, weight, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, disease duration, trauma, fracture site, volume of bone cement, NRS (Numerical Rating Scale), bone mineral density (BMD), preoperative vertebral height, postoperative vertebral height, type of vertebral fracture, cortical continuity status o...