Epidemiological analysis of pediatric respiratory pathogens in Hunan, China: a retrospective multicenter study from 2022 to 2024

作者：Si-Jing Long, Rong Hu, Jian-Ping Ouyang, C Y Tian, Tai-Yong Guo, Qi-Lin Luo, Xijie Liao, Rong Yang, Di-Jun Liu, Tao Liu, Yonghong He, Dejun Wu, He Zhang, Guo-Feng Zou, Jizhi Xu, D. X. Lei, Liqiong Yang, Yanping Shen, Yihan She, Xiaoyang Zhao, Xiang-Jian Xiang, Xiaokang Fu, Yang Ou, Ning Yin, Stephanie G. Yi, Jianjun Jiang, Li-Li Zhong, Jingjing Zhang, Yan Yu · 发表于：BMC Infectious Diseases · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12879-025-12283-6 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Respiratory viral infections research、Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections、Antibiotic Use and Resistance

BACKGROUND: The zero-COVID policy and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented in response to COVID-19 concurrently influenced the transmission of other respiratory pathogens. In the post-pandemic era following the policy's cessation, whether the epidemiological patterns of these respiratory pathogens have reverted to pre-pandemic baselines or persisted unchanged remains a subject of interest. METHODS: The retrospective study analyzed 8,774 cases with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) from 2022 to 2024, with data sourced from 26 children's hospitals or general hospitals in Hunan Province, to investigate the potential impacts of policy changes on epidemiology. Nine common respiratory pathogens were detected using targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) technology. RESULTS: Among children seeking medical care, the overall pathogen positive rate increased (P < 0.001) in both 2023 and 2024, primarily affecting children aged ≤ 1 year and those ≥ 6 years. The positivity rate of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, both RSV-A and RSV-B) in children aged ≤ 3 years increased and resumed its winter-spring seasonality in 2023-2024, with RSV-A predominant in 2023 and RSV-B in 2024. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) showing a counter-seasonal pattern. The seasonal epidemics of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) (mainly HPIV-3) and human bocavirus (HBoV) occur earlier in summer. Influenza A virus (FluA) established typical circulation pattern with influenza B virus (FluB) in a...