Association of Diet Quality with Depression, Anxiety, and Comorbidity Symptoms in Chinese School-Aged Children

作者：Yuankai Zhao, Manman Chen, Jiahui Wang, Zichen Ye, Yimin Qu, Zhenghe Wang, Xijie Wang, Yu Jiang · 发表于：Nutrients · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/nu17243842 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Nutritional Studies and Diet、Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors、Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging

Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental health disorders among children and adolescents, with diet quality emerging as a modifiable risk factor. However, evidence regarding the association between comprehensive diet quality and mental health in school-aged children remains limited. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 Chinese children aged 8–12 years. Diet quality was assessed using the low-burden Diet Quality Questionnaire (DQQ), from which three Global Diet Recommendations (GDRs) scores were derived: GDR-Healthy, GDR-Limit, and total GDR. Depression and anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC), respectively. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between GDR scores and mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, comorbidity). Subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex were conducted to explore heterogeneity. Results: Higher total GDR scores were associated with lower risks of depressive symptoms (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.96), anxiety symptoms (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99), and their comorbidity (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79–0.97) after adjustment for age, sex, zBMI, physical activity, region of residence, only-child status and parental education. The GDR-Healthy score was independently associated with lower risks of depression symptoms (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83–0.96) and como...