Burden of rodent-borne viruses in rodents and zoonotic risk in humans in Cambodia

作者：Julia Guillebaud, Janin Nouhin, Vibol Hul, Thavry Hoem, Oudamdaniel Yanneth, Mala Sim, Limmey Khun, Y Phalla, Leangyi Heng, Sreymom Ken, Leakhena Pum, Reaksa Lim, Channa Meng, Kimtuo Chhel, Sithun Nuon, Sreyleak Hoem, Kunthy Nguon, Malen Chan, Sowath Ly, Erik A. Karlsson, Jean‐Marc Reynes, Anavaj Sakunthabhai, Philippe Dussart, Veasna Duong · 发表于：Microbiology Spectrum · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1128/spectrum.01394-25 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research、Viral Infections and Vectors、Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology

Rodent-borne viruses, including orthohantaviruses, mammarenaviruses, and rat hepatitis virus (HEV-C), pose significant health threats to humans, causing severe diseases such as hemorrhagic fevers, respiratory illness, and hepatitis. In Cambodia, data on these viruses remain limited, and their burdens on human health are unknown. This study investigated the presence of these viruses in rodents and assessed potential human exposure across diverse environmental and socio-economic contexts in Cambodia. The study was conducted in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas of Cambodia during the rainy season of 2020 and dry season of 2022. Rodents were screened for viruses using RT-PCR. Human serum samples from the same sites were tested for IgG antibodies using ELISA. Factors associated with virus spillover into humans were analyzed. Among 750 rodents, 9.7% carried at least one virus: 5.2% mammarenavirus, 3.3% orthohantavirus, and 1.9% HEV-C. Infection rates were highest in urban (14.5%), followed by semi-urban (11.9%) and rural (2.1%) interfaces. Mammarenavirus was more prevalent in the rainy season, while orthohantavirus and HEV-C remained consistent across seasons. In humans, seroprevalence was 12.7% for mammarenavirus, 10.0% for orthohantavirus, and 24.2% for HEV. Higher mammarenavirus seroprevalence was associated with urban residency. Orthohantavirus seroprevalence was associated with urban residency, acute hepatitis history, and flood-prone living areas. HEV seroprevalence increase...