Cosmopolitan marine bacteria facilitate a vast phytoplankton-derived sulfonate-based carbon flow through sulfoquinovosidases

作者：Xiaoyi Ma, Huanyu Wang, Changjie Dong, Le Liu, Xuanyun Qiu, Xiaofeng Chen, Quanrui Chen, Liang Wang, Yao Zhang, Nianzhi Jiao, Spencer J. Williams, Kai Tang · 发表于：Nature Communications · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41467-025-66898-z · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Environmental Chemistry and Analysis、Marine Toxins and Detection Methods、Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols

Sulfoquinovose (SQ) and sulfoquinovosyl glycerol (SQGro) are derived from abundant membrane sulfolipids termed sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols (SQDG) and produced by photosynthetic organisms, serving as sources of carbon and sulfur for bacteria. The conversion processes of these sulfoquinovosyl compounds within marine ecosystems, and their quantitative contributions to the marine organic matter pool, are poorly understood. Here, we identify Alteromonas macleodii, a marine bacterium capable of metabolizing SQ and SQGro through a sulfoquinovosidase. This enzyme converts SQGro to SQ and is a member of a clade within glycoside hydrolase family 31, distinct from other sulfoquinovosidases. The ubiquitous presence of sulfoquinovosidases and their transcripts throughout marine environments implicates active metabolism of sulfoquinovose glycosides, particularly in the sunlit surface ocean. We further demonstrate that marine algae produce significant quantities of cellular SQGro, and we estimate the annual turnover of SQGro using field samples from coastal and open ocean environments. Together with SQDG and SQ, these sulfoquinovosyl compounds constitute a substantial portion of the marine organic carbon turnover, estimated at around 1.5 petagrams of carbon per annum. These findings reveal a vast, previously unappreciated pool of organosulfonates within the microbial food web that contributes significantly to the marine carbon and sulfur cycles. Sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols are produ...