Association of healthy lifestyle patterns with changes in physical frailty and subjective cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults: a 3-year longitudinal study

作者：Mengjiao Yang, Yang Liu, Munenori Matsumoto, Dandan Jiao, Zhu Zhu, Xiang Li, Mingyu Cui, Jinrui Zhang, Meiling Qian, Lujiao Huang, Tokie Anme · 发表于：BMC Geriatrics · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12877-025-06748-1 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Frailty in Older Adults、Chronic Disease Management Strategies、Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

BACKGROUND: Older adults have different lifestyle habits, and some of these habits are intertwined. However, research on lifestyle patterns and their impact on physical frailty and subjective cognitive function is still limited. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of healthy lifestyle patterns on changes in physical frailty and subjective cognitive function over time in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: We used data from longitudinal surveys (2014-2017) involving independently mobile older adults aged ≥ 65 years in suburban Japan. Healthy lifestyle factors included smoking status, alcohol consumption status, exercise, social participation, and dietary diversity. Physical frailty and cognitive function were assessed using the Kihon Checklist. Latent class analysis was used to identify lifestyle patterns and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the associations with 3-year changes in outcomes. RESULTS: Among 757 participants (mean age 73.27 ± 6.59 years, 53.8% female), three lifestyle patterns were identified: "Low Exercise, Socially Inactive" (20.3%), "High Smoking and Alcohol Consumption" (6.6%), and "Healthy Lifestyle" (73.1%). Over 3 years, compared to the Healthy Lifestyle group, the Low Exercise, Socially Inactive group had higher physical frailty scores (β = 0.408, 95% confidence interval [CI: 0.197, 0.619]) and subjective cognitive function scores (β = 0.259, 95% CI [0.122, 0.397]). The High Smoking and Alcohol Consumption group also s...