Prevotella copri alleviates diarrhea in weaning piglets through gut microbiota modulation and arachidonic acid–AHR–NRF2 pathway activation

作者：Cong Lan, Wen Ren, Aimin Wu, Bing Yu, Jun He, Yuheng Luo, Daiwen Chen · 发表于：Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s40104-025-01273-y · 被引用次数：5 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Gastrointestinal motility and disorders、Animal Nutrition and Physiology

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea remains a major health concern in both young animals and humans. Prevotella spp., a dominant commensal genus in the healthy porcine gut, becomes increasingly abundant following weaning, suggesting a potential role during this critical transitional period. However, its involvement in post-weaning diarrhea remains poorly understood. Here, we aim to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms of Prevotella in alleviating diarrhea in weaned piglets. RESULTS: CFU (Pc, n = 10 × 2) on d 1, 3, and 5. After 28 d, cold stress induced a diarrhea incidence of 33.45% in the CON group, while P. copri supplementation significantly reduced the diarrhea rate to 19.73%. Treatment with P. copri markedly improved intestinal morphology in the small intestine, decreased serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (i-FABP), and enhanced total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) activity. Quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that P. copri significantly increased the colonic abundance of Prevotella, reshaping both the composition and functional profile of the gut microbiota. Moreover, P. copri enhanced the modularity and robustness of microbial ecological networks. Untargeted metabolomic profiling of colonic contents revealed a significant enrichment of metabolites involved in the arachidonic acid pathway following P. copri supplementation. In parallel, untargeted metabolomics of P. copri culture supernatants i...