In vivo CAR cell therapy: from bench to bedside

作者：Xu Jia, Zhaozhao Chen, Li Su, Anqi Ren, Heng Mei · 发表于：Journal of Hematology & Oncology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s13045-025-01759-2 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：CAR-T cell therapy research、Virus-based gene therapy research、Cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders research

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a highly efficacious treatment for refractory and relapsed hematological malignancies in recent years. However, the complex manufacturing procedures, stringent logistical requirements, and protracted production timelines associated with autologous ex vivo CAR-T cells render them costly and inaccessible to many patients. In contrast, in vivo CAR-T therapy directly delivers CAR-encoding transgenes to endogenous T cells, reprogramming them in situ. This approach obviates the need for apheresis, ex vivo cell manufacturing, and lymphodepleting chemotherapy inherent in conventional CAR-T therapy. Consequently, in vivo CAR-T represents a more efficient and economical paradigm, transforming CAR-T from individualized cellular products towards truly "ready-to-use" therapeutics. This review summarizes the latest research progress in in vivo CAR cell therapies, spanning from bench to bedside, to provide insights for advancing their clinical translation.