Swine-Derived Probiotics and Their Metabolites as an Alternative to Veterinary Antibiotics

作者：Mengshi Zhao, Bihong Chen, Peng Song, G.D. Mei, Meiqin Li, Fengqiang Lin, Tiecheng Sun, Zhaolong Li · 发表于：Veterinary Sciences · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/vetsci12111100 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Animal Nutrition and Physiology、Probiotics and Fermented Foods、Gut microbiota and health

The intensive development of livestock and poultry farming has heavily relied on antibiotics, leading to widespread antimicrobial resistance and posing serious threats to food safety and public health. As the industry transitions towards reduced antibiotic use and sustainable animal production, probiotics and their metabolites have garnered attention as functional alternatives. Probiotics are typically administered in the form of microecological preparations by mixing them into feed or water, offering advantages in cost-effectiveness and ease of use, with demonstrated efficacy in promoting animal health. Swine-derived probiotics, in particular, demonstrate host-specific advantages due to their natural adaptation to the porcine gastrointestinal environment, which improves intestinal colonization, pathogen inhibition, and immune modulation. Their metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bacteriocins, and exopolysaccharides, further contribute to these benefits through antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and barrier-strengthening effects. Recent studies have demonstrated improvements in average daily gain (18-22%) and feed conversion ratio (12-15%), along with a reduction in diarrhea incidence (up to 40-45%) in weaned piglets supplemented with certain probiotic consortia. It should be noted, however, that part of the supporting evidence is derived from in vitro or non-porcine models, and practical outcomes in swine may vary depending on husbandry conditions, probiotic strai...