Sex differences in the association between energy‐adjusted dietary inflammatory index and cognitive function in older adults

作者：Ke Liu, Yan Zhong, Peili Cen, Liangliang Dong, Yuhan Chen, Daoyan Hu, Chentao Jin, Rui Zhou, Yuanjie Chen, Yuan Sun, Xiaohui Zhang, Jing Wang, Mei Tian, Hong Zhang · 发表于：Alzheimer s & Dementia · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/alz.70908 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Nutritional Studies and Diet、Nutrition and Health in Aging、Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

INTRODUCTION: Diet-induced inflammation may influence cognitive health in older adults, yet sex-specific associations across distinct cognitive domains remain unclear. METHODS: Using weighted multivariable regression, weighted restricted cubic splines, and weighted risk group analyses (energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index [E-DII] lowest quartiles), we assessed E-DII associations with four cognitive tests (Animal Fluency Test [AFT], Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST], Delayed Recall Test [DRT], and Immediate Recall Test [IRT]) in older adults. All analyses included sex stratification or sex interaction. Weighted mediation analysis by 15 blood biochemical markers was explored. RESULTS: In older males, higher ln(E-DII) was linked to poorer AFT and DSST performance and increased low cognition risk in AFT, DSST, and DRT; no associations were found in older females. Gamma-glutamyl transferase mediated the ln(E-DII)-DSST association in older males. DISCUSSION: These sex-specific links highlight the need for personalized dietary strategies to protect cognitive health in aging populations. HIGHLIGHTS: E-DII exhibits sex-specific associations with multiple cognitive domains in older adults. Higher ln(E-DII) is linked to poorer verbal fluency (AFT), processing speed (DSST), and increased low cognition risk (AFT, DSST, and DRT) in older males, but not in older females. Gamma-glutamyl transferase mediates the association between ln(E-DII) and DSST performance specifically in olde...