Integrated gut microbiome and metabolomics analysis reveals microbial-metabolic cross-talk in allergic rhinitis

作者：Guangchen Sun, Shouyan Zhao, Hehua Huang, Wenchao Guan, X. Wang, Hong Zhang, Min Zhang, Denghan Hou, Chong Xu, Ruonan Chai · 发表于：Frontiers in Microbiology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fmicb.2025.1652915 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Probiotics and Fermented Foods、Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

Background Emerging evidence indicates a link between gut dysbiosis and allergic rhinitis (AR) pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the mechanistic role of gut microbiota in AR progression requires further characterization. To address this, we employed an integrated multi-omics strategy to delineate gut microbial composition and metabolic signatures in AR patients. Methods Fecal specimens from 23 AR patients and 15 matched healthy controls (total n = 38) were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess bacterial community structure, alongside untargeted metabolomic profiling of microbial metabolites. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was applied to evaluate microbiota-metabolite interactions. Results Allergic rhinitis patients exhibited altered gut microbial community structure (beta diversity, P < 0.05) with depletion of SCFA-producing genera such as Faecalibacterium and enrichment of pro-inflammatory taxa like Fusobacterium . Metabolomic profiling identified significant disturbances in pathways including pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, glycolysis, and pyruvate metabolism. Key discriminatory metabolites included maltol and 4-coumaric acid. Integrative analysis revealed significant correlations between specific bacteria and metabolites, such as Faecalibacterium with D-phenyllactic acid (ρ = 0.515, q = 0.046). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that AR is associated with gut dysbiosis and metabolic dysfunction, highlighting the role of microbial-derived metabolites in...