Evolving HPV diagnostics: current practice and future frontiers

作者：Lin Shi, Haizhen Chen, Zichen Zhang, Yifei Wang, Wenbo Ren, Jing Huang · 发表于：Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fcimb.2025.1681779 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Cervical Cancer and HPV Research、Reproductive tract infections research、Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection serves as a primary causative agent of cervical cancer, highlighting the importance of early screening and detection in mitigating the incidence and mortality rates of HPV-related diseases. Over the past decades, HPV detection technologies have evolved considerably, transitioning from traditional methods to more advanced, patient-centered approaches. This review provides a comprehensive overview of both established and emerging HPV detection strategies, with a particular focus on their clinical applicability, technical advantages, and limitations. Conventional methods such as hybrid capture and PCR-based assays remain the backbone of clinical screening, offering robust sensitivity and specificity. However, their reliance on invasive sampling and centralized laboratory infrastructure limits accessibility and patient compliance, particularly in low-resource settings. To address these limitations, emerging technologies-including CRISPR/Cas systems, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), next-generation sequencing (NGS), isothermal amplification techniques (IAT) and artificial intelligence (AI) combined with hpv screening offer enhanced accuracy, rapid turnaround, and the potential for point-of-care deployment. In parallel, innovations in sampling such as self-collected vaginal swabs and liquid biopsy using urine, blood, or extracellular vesicles are improving test acceptability and broadening screening coverage. By summarizing current progress and high...