Key Issues and Strategies in Aqueous Static Zinc–Halogen Battery Design

作者：Hongyang Zhao, Lanya Zhao, Dandan Yin, Na Gao, Yanan Zhang, Jie Feng, Xingwang Chen, Xu Liu, Jingwen Wei, Chenxu Fan, Guoxin Gao, Chunhui Xiao, Shujiang Ding · 发表于：Advanced Materials · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/adma.202515759 · 被引用次数：27 · 研究领域：Advanced battery technologies research、Advanced oxidation water treatment、Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion

Aqueous zinc-halogen batteries have emerged as leading candidates for next-generation energy storage systems, owing to their inherent advantages such as high theoretical energy density, enhanced safety, and cost-effectiveness derived from earth-abundant zinc and halogen elements. However, the practical implementation of halogen cathodes faces major challenges, including intrinsically low electrical conductivity, the pronounced shuttle effect of soluble polyhalide intermediates, severe corrosion, and competing hydrolysis reactions. These issues call for innovative and rational material design strategies across all battery components. Accordingly, realizing practical zinc-halogen batteries requires a comprehensive understanding that bridges fundamental halogen redox chemistry with targeted material engineering solutions. This review systematically examines the crucial connection between the electrochemistry of halogens and the practical design of battery materials in zinc-halogen systems. Key challenges are first addressed, including stabilizing halogen cathodes, managing reactive halogen species, and optimizing cell configurations. Subsequently, recent pivotal strategies are summarized, including the development of advanced halogen host materials, halogen complexing agents, catalysts for halogen electroactivity, multi-electron redox processes, and electrolyte/separator design. Finally, the essential practical considerations that influence achievable energy density are discusse...