Association of different autoimmune diseases with gastric cancer incidence and risk: a global population-based analysis

作者：Cheng Ji, Ming Cai, Guobin Wang · 发表于：International Journal of Surgery · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1097/js9.0000000000003937 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Inflammatory Myopathies and Dermatomyositis、Liver Diseases and Immunity、Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research

BACKGROUND: A dysregulated immune system could become a vital trigger for gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS: Literature retrieval was performed based on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from inception to January 2025. Cohort studies investigating the risk ratio (RR) or incidence of gastric cancer among patients with autoimmune disorders were eligible. Relative risk was the primary endpoint [RR with 95% confidence interval (CI)], while incidence was the secondary endpoint. RESULTS: A total of 285 studies were included, containing 61 556 078 participants. Overall pooled RR was 1.158 (95% CI 1.098-1.222, P < 0.001). Patients with autoimmune gastritis (3.066, P < 0.001), systemic sclerosis (1.788, P = 0.010), type 1 diabetes (1.411, P < 0.001), sarcoidosis (1.388, P = 0.004), and psoriasis (1.194, P = 0.001) were strongly associated with a higher risk of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, patients with dermatomyositis (2.100, P = 0.034) and systemic lupus erythematosus (1.296, P = 0.038) were also associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, despite smaller effect sizes and higher P values. Subgroup analyses based on sex and geographical regions were also conducted. CONCLUSION: Autoimmune diseases were associated with increased gastric cancer risk, especially autoimmune gastritis, systemic sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, sarcoidosis, and psoriasis. Patients with dermatomyositis and systemic lupus erythematosus were potentially associated with an elevated risk of gastric cancer. Surprisi...