Association of sarcopenic obesity with cognitive dysfunction and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

作者：Chunbian Tang, Ying Song, Fengran Tao, Jiayi Hao, Yan Li, Xiuxia Shi, Runnan Pei, Baoqi Zeng · 发表于：Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1007/s40520-025-03222-1 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Nutrition and Health in Aging、Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research、Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders

OBJECTIVE: Currently, the association of sarcopenic obesity (SO) with cognitive dysfunction and dementia remains unclear. This study aims to investigate their potential association. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched until 30 December 2024. Observational studies investigating the association of SO with cognitive dysfunction and dementia were included. A random-effects model was applied for meta-analysis. RESULTS: = 90.7%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent associations across study design, geographic region, cognitive dysfunction subtypes, and obesity criteria. Significant results were also observed in males (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.07-3.03, p = 0.028), general populations (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.50-2.54, p < 0.001), sarcopenia defined by muscle function and/or mass (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.35-2.07, p < 0.001) or muscle function alone (OR = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.14-4.69, p = 0.020), and cognitive assessment via clinical records (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.21-2.33, p = 0.002) or scales (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.37-2.21, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: SO appears associated with cognitive dysfunction. However, due to high heterogeneity, very low certainty of evidence, and potential biases, these results should be interpreted cautiously. Future high-quality prospective studies are needed to validate this conclusion. PROSPERO registration number: CRD420251011745.