Phase Replacement Enables Self‐Detectable and High‐Efficiency Oil‐Adsorbing Bioinspired Coupled Structure

作者：Y. Z. Song, Wei Wang, Jia‐Ning Hou, Zhaopeng Yu, Yan Liu, Zhongqiang Zhang · 发表于：Advanced Functional Materials · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/adfm.202520200 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity、Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies、Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials

Abstract Real‐time self‐detection of micro‐oil droplet positions and trajectories is critical for the timely identification of oil leaks from subsea crude oil pipelines and equipments. Traditional detection methods exhibit inherent latency, often resulting in significant environmental damage by the time leaks are discovered. This work pioneers an electrified system composed of a bioinspired coupled conical microcolumn structure (BCCM) for real‐time self‐detection and collection of underwater micro‐oil droplets via a stable gas film. The design of mushroom‐shaped structures enhances the gas film thickness (273 µm) and stability (5.76 m s −1 ), enabling the ultra‐fast transport of micro‐oil droplets by gas film induction (135 mm s −1 ). This shift in the motion interface from oil‐water to oil‐gas significantly reduces resistance. Through phase replacement, like a “fluid‐controlled gate,” the on/off switch is activated by absorbing oil and ethanol. The fluid‐controlled gate enables waterproof‐free operation by regulating switch states, facilitating underwater applications ranging from dynamic light displays to naval alert systems and environmental monitoring. This work builds an integrated system capable of oil adsorption, transport, and self‐detection with highly efficient oil pollution cleaning, recovery, and precise detection.