Diagnostic value of AHNAK2 immunohistochemical expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study

作者：Xinyi Zhang, Lingli Chen, Minying Deng, Huaiyu Liang, Dongxian Jiang, Huimei Wang, Yufeng Liu, Yufeng Liu, Rui Zhang, Lei Xu, Jia Liu, Akesu Sujie, Chen Xu, Yingyong Hou, Yalan Liu, Yingyong Hou · 发表于：Diagnostic Pathology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s13000-025-01723-1 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment、Galectins and Cancer Biology、Thyroid Disorders and Treatments

Multiple immunohistochemical markers including galectin-3 and BRAF V600E have been used to identify benign and malignant thyroid tumors. AHNAK nucleoprotein 2 (AHNAK2) is a novel oncogene that belongs to the AHNAK protein family and is upregulated in many malignant tumors, including thyroid cancers. However, its actual value in pathological diagnosis remains unknown. Therefore, we utilized a set of well-studied markers to further confirm the diagnostic role of AHNAK2 in differentiating thyroid tumors. Two hundred ninety-six papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), 167 follicular adenomas (FAs), 36 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), and 11 non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs) were collected. Markers including AHNAK2, galectin-3, BRAF V600E, HBME-1, Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO), CD56, and cyclin-D1 were used simultaneously for immunohistochemistry (IHC). The positivity rates of the PTC markers were as follows: AHNAK2 (95%), galectin-3 (89.5%), BRAF V600E (82.4%), HBME-1 (84.1%) CK19 (99.7%), cyclin-D1 (98.0%), TPO (61.1%), and CD56 (47.3%). AHNAK2 (4.2%), galectin-3 (6.0%), BRAF V600E (0.0%), HBME-1 (16.8%); CK19 (88.6%), cyclin-D1 (78.4%), TPO (94.0%), and CD56 (94.6%) were identified in FA. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for each marker in distinguishing PTCs from FAs were AHNAK2 (0.964), galectin-3 (0.935), BRAF V600E (0.907), HBME-1 (0.882), cyclin-D1 (0.776), CK19 (0.752), CD56 (0.053), TPO (...