Relationship between plasma atherogenic index and subclinical hypothyroidism: an analysis of NHANES data and animal experiment

作者：Qiwei Chen, Yuwan Li, Yi Ruan, Linxi Jin, Shuhong Yao, Zhuang Han, Xu Hong, Zhita Wang, Liang Li, Weidong He, Liuqing Yang, Xian-pei Heng · 发表于：Frontiers in Endocrinology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3389/fendo.2025.1700853 · 研究领域：Thyroid Disorders and Treatments、Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment、Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Background: The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and dyslipidemia is established, but that between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and SCH remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate this association by combining an analysis of NHANES data with experimental evidence from an animal experiment. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 3,135 adults were analyzed. Weighted regression and linear models assessed associations between AIP (and its quartiles) and SCH and thyroid hormones. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) tested nonlinearity. Mediation analysis was utilized to identify the mediating effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were employed to explore the association between AIP and SCH. To validate these findings, a Sprague-Dawley rat model was established with a high-fat diet and the rats were divided into a control group (CG) and a model group (MG). Blood Lipid, AIP and thyroid function (TSH, FT3, FT4) were measured in each group. Results: After multivariable adjustment, the highest AIP quartile (Q4) significantly correlated with higher SCH prevalence. Elevated AIP associated with decreased free tetraiodothyronine (FT4) and increased total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and TSH. RCS showed linear relationships of AIP with SCH, FT4, FT3, and TSH, but nonlinear with TT3 and TT4. Additionally, mediation analysis indicated that TSH accounted for 39.76% of the ob...