A Review of Electromagnetic Wind Energy Harvesters Based on Flow-Induced Vibrations

作者：Yidan Zhang, Shen Li, Weilong Wang, Pengfei Zen, Chunlong Li, Yizhou Ye, Xuefeng He · 发表于：Energies · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/en18143835 · 被引用次数：14 · 研究领域：Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies、Electric Motor Design and Analysis、Multiferroics and related materials

The urgent demand of wireless sensor nodes for long-life and maintenance-free miniature electrical sources with output power ranging from microwatts to milliwatts has accelerated the development of energy harvesting technologies. For the abundant and renewable nature of wind in environments, flow-induced vibration (FIV)-based wind energy harvesting has emerged as a promising approach. Electromagnetic FIV wind energy harvesters (WEHs) show great potential for realistic applications due to their excellent durability and stability. However, electromagnetic WEHs remain less studied than piezoelectric WEHs, with few dedicated review articles available. This review analyzes the working principle, device structure, and performance characteristics of electromagnetic WEHs based on vortex-induced vibration, galloping, flutter, wake galloping vibration, and Helmholtz resonator. The methods to improve the output power, broaden the operational wind speed range, broaden the operational wind direction range, and enhance the durability are then discussed, providing some suggestions for the development of high-performance electromagnetic FIV WEHs.