Insulinemic and inflammatory dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a dietary data harmonization study of one million participants in the Consortium of Metabolomics Studies (COMETS)

作者：Ni Shi, Rachel Hoobler, Rhea Harewood, Amanda E. Toland, Demetrius Albanes, Emmanouil Bouras, Marc J. Gunter, Linda M. Liao, Steven C. Moore, Fulvio Ricceri, Jerome I. Rotter, Rashmi Sinha, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg‐Solomon, Anne Tjønneland, Alexis C. Wood, Danxia Yu, Mary C. Playdon, Fred K. Tabung · 发表于：American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.10.016 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Nutritional Studies and Diet、Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies、Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection

Background Inflammatory and insulinemic dietary patterns have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but generalizability across diverse populations with heterogeneous food supplies and dietary behaviors has not been established. Objective We harmonized disparate dietary and covariate data on a large scale to compute the reverse Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia-rEDIH, reverse Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern-rEDIP, and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 scores, and tested their associations with CRC risk. Methods We leveraged data among 501,892 women and 407,390 men from six cohorts across the U.S. (NIH-AARP, MESA, PLCO, SCCS) and Europe (EPIC, ATBC) with varying sociodemographic characteristics, participating in the Consortium of Metabolomics Studies. We harmonized nomenclature and nutritional information for more than 800 unique food items across cohorts. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox regression, adjusting for demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors, to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the associations between the dietary indices and CRC risk per cohort, then meta-analyzed the estimates. Results During a median follow-up of 14.9 years, 16,525 incident CRC cases were diagnosed. Participants in the highest quintile of rEDIH (low-insulinemic diet) had an 18% reduced risk of CRC (HR 0.82; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.86) compared to those in the lowest quintile. For the same comparison, similar risk reductions were o...