Macro‐ and microclimate interactively shape species diversity of multiple taxa in mountain landscapes

作者：Lisa Geres, Tobias Richter, Rupert Seidl, Sebastian König, Anne Chao, Chun‐Huo Chiu, Mareike Kortmann, Oliver Mitesser, Jörg Müller, Julia Rothacher, Claus Bässler, Sebastian Seibold · 发表于：Ecography · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/ecog.07984 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Species Distribution and Climate Change、Physiological and biochemical adaptations、Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

Macroclimate is a key driver of biodiversity, but habitat conditions can modulate the local microclimate by amplifying or buffering macroclimatic temperatures. The interplay between microclimatic modulation and macroclimatic temperature is crucial for shaping local biodiversity in a warming world, but remains poorly understood across life forms. We examined how macroclimate and microclimatic modulation jointly shape alpha diversity across eight taxonomic groups. We surveyed multi‐taxon biodiversity along gradients of macroclimate (elevation) and microclimatic modulation (habitat structure), focusing on soil bacteria, soil fungi, understory plants, ground‐dwelling arthropods, moths, flying insects, bats, and birds. We hypothesized that alpha diversity would increase with temperature at both macro‐ and microclimatic scales, with the strongest effects for immobile and ectothermic taxa, and that microclimatic effects would be more pronounced in thermally constrained (cold) macroclimates. Contrary to our expectations, micro‐ and macroclimatic effects were weakest for soil bacteria, soil fungi, and vascular plants, which responded more strongly to edaphic factors. Alpha diversity increased with macroclimatic temperature for arthropods, but not for the other groups. Effects of microclimatic amplification varied across taxa, with positive effects for flying insects and bats, but negative effects for soil bacteria and fungi. Interactive effects of microclimatic modulation and macrocli...