Factors associated with long-term deterioration in back pain after surgical treatment for low-grade lumbar spondylolisthesis at 2 and 5 years: an evaluation from the Quality Outcomes Database spondylolisthesis data

作者：Andrew J. Croft, Steven D. Glassman, Shawn W Adams, Mladen Djurasovic, Andrew K. Chan, Erica F. Bisson, Mohamad Bydon, Kevin T. Foley, Christopher I. Shaffrey, Eric A. Potts, Domagoj Coric, John J. Knightly, Paul Park, Michael Y. Wang, Kai-Ming Fu, Jonathan R. Slotkin, Anthony L. Asher, Michael S. Virk, Dean Chou, Regis W. Haid, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Leah Y Carreon · 发表于：Journal of Neurosurgery Spine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3171/2025.7.spine25248 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology、Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment、Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation

OBJECTIVE: Symptomatic, low-grade spondylolisthesis is usually well treated by surgical intervention. While some patients obtain less than optimal improvement, low-grade spondylolisthesis deteriorates in a few patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate what factors predict deterioration in back pain scores after surgical treatment of low-grade spondylolisthesis. METHODS: The Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) was queried for patients who underwent single-level surgery for management of grade 1 spondylolisthesis, including decompression with fusion and decompression alone. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected at baseline and then 3 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years postoperatively, including numeric rating scale (NRS) back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and EuroQol-5D scores. Patients were categorized based on NRS back pain scores compared to baseline as ≥ 0 (improved or no worse) versus < 0 (worsened). These two groups were compared with respect to factors that predicted postoperative deterioration in NRS back pain scores. RESULTS: Of 608 cases enrolled, 369 met inclusion criteria for the 24-month cohort. Three hundred twenty-four patients had improved or stable back pain scores (of whom 79% underwent fusion), while 45 reported worse back pain at 24 months (of whom 49% underwent fusion). In the 60-month cohort (n = 429), 376 had improved or stable back pain scores (of whom 81% underwent fusion), while 53 reported worse back pain (of whom...