First Report of Fusarium annulatum Causing Leaf Wilt and Fruit Rot on Areca catechu in Hainan Province, China

作者：Wending Zeng, Xinchao Liu, Ziyue Yu, Haibin Lv, Jingping Li, Xiongkui He · 发表于：Plant Disease · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1094/pdis-08-25-1615-pdn · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

Areca catechu, a major economic crop in Hainan Province, China, has sustained steady production growth over the past five years, reaching an annual yield of 276,200 tonnes. (Wang et al. 2023). In May 2025, symptoms of fruit rot disease were observed in a 0.667 ha. A. catechu plantation in Ledong County (18°56.4'N, 108°80.8'E), Hainan Province, China. The maximum disease severity reached 75%, with an incidence rate of 80%. Initial symptoms included visible white mycelia on the epicarp and pedicel, tissue softening, and progressive rot extending from the pedicel to the fruit base. Ten symptomatic fruits were surface-sterilized in 0.05% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min, rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, and air-dried. Sterilized fruits were placed in sterile containers and incubated at 4°C with 85% relative humidity in a refrigerator. Following mycelial development on lesions, hyphal tips were transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) by streaking. Initial isolates were subcultured on fresh PDA to obtain pure cultures. All ten isolates consistently formed white to grayish-white colonies. Isolate G2 initially produced white, fluffy aerial mycelia with purple submerged mycelia. Over time, aerial mycelia turned grayish-white while submerged mycelia became purplish-red. Conidia were initially elliptical, unicellular, and symmetrical; mature conidia were clavate and septate. Conidial dimensions averaged 10.26 ± 0.24 µm (width) and 29.84 ± 1.70 µm (length). Genomic DNA was...