Adaptation strategies of eight crop legume species to low phosphorus availability: Root morphology, exudates and microbiome interactions

作者：Dai Yu, Hao-Wen Tian, Qiao Zhu, C. K. Yi, Yumei Wang, Jiayin Pang, Hans Lambers, Sanwei Yang, Jin He · 发表于：Environmental and Experimental Botany · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106252 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis、Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism、Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics

Crop legumes are a crucial source of vegetable protein for humans, and phosphorus (P) is essential for seed yield and quality. However, the adaptations to low plant-available soil P conditions among crop legume species remain underexplored. We investigated eight crop legume species under two P levels, i.e. 0 (P0) and 40 mg P kg -1 dry soil (P40), and determined root traits, rhizosheath carboxylates, soil P fractions and microbiomes to explore their adaptative mechanisms. Across the eight crop legume species, the angle of adventitious and lateral roots, lateral root density, rhizosheath organic-P concentration, acid phosphatase activity and carboxylates significantly increased under P0, while total root length, plant-available P concentration, Al-P and Fe-P concentrations in rhizosheath soil were significantly reduced. The diversity and composition of bacterial and fungal communities varied among the species. Under P0, bacterial diversity (Shannon index) was lower and fungal diversity was higher compared with P40. Similarly, bacterial community stability decreased, whereas fungal community stability increased relative to P40. The abundance of phosphate−solubilizing bacteria at the genus level, such as Flavobacterium and Bacillus , significantly increased in rhizosheath soil under P0. Both Flavobacterium and Bacillus showed positive correlations with rhizosheath plant-available soil P concentration. We conclude that the crop legume species are adapted to a low soil P environmen...