Multiuser all-optical quantum network based on metasurfaces

作者：Shengshuai Liu, Lin Li, Yujie Wang, Mengting Ning, Yanbo Lou, Yingxuan Chen, Rui Zhang, Jiabin Wang, Qinmiao Chen, Quan Yuan, Shuming Wang, Shumin Xiao, Din Ping Tsai, Ya Cheng, Shining Zhu, Jietai Jing · 发表于：Science Advances · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1126/sciadv.adu8455 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Quantum Information and Cryptography、Quantum optics and atomic interactions、Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing

A crucial aspect of quantum information is the establishment of multiuser quantum networks, ensuring secure transmission of information among separated users. However, establishing a large-scale network remains a substantial challenge, requiring massive and compact Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled states. Here, we experimentally generate a 5 by 5 continuous variable (CV) EPR entanglement array using a metalens array. Moreover, on the basis of such a compact EPR entanglement array, we establish a five-user all-optical quantum state sharing (AOQSS) network with fidelity beating the corresponding classical limit, which is currently the largest AOQSS network in the CV regime. These results provide a promising platform for the generation of massive and compact EPR entangled states and the construction of large-scale all-optical multiuser quantum networks. Our compact approach for generating CV EPR entanglement based on metasurface opens up avenues for advanced quantum networks.