The variability of microclimate in the Amazon Rainforest

作者：Zhimin Ma, Darlene Gris, Paulo de Jesus Feitosa Paes do Nascimento, Carolina V. Castilho, Sabina Cerruto Ribeiro, Raphael Tapajós, Wilderclay Machado, Miércio Alves Júnior, José Luís Camargo, Samuel de Pádua Chaves e Carvalho, Leena Kalliovirta, Ilya M. D. Maclean, Eduardo Eiji Maeda · 发表于：Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110866 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Urban Heat Island Mitigation、Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Remote Sensing in Agriculture

• A network of 145 sensors recorded nearly four million temperature readings (2016–2023), offering unprecedented insights into Amazonian microclimate variability. • Microclimate buffering capacity against macroclimatic temperatures is 8.6 % greater during the rainy season, highlighting the role of precipitation in thermal regulation. • Canopy height and foliage density enhance microclimate buffering, while terrain slope and solar radiation negatively impact it. • Findings highlight the importance of maintaining forest structural integrity to preserve stable microclimatic conditions essential for biodiversity conservation. The Amazon rainforest represents one of the most biodiverse places on Earth. However, the temperature experienced by organisms inside Amazonian forests, and the biophysical factors regulating microclimate, remain understudied. Microclimate patterns influence the nuances of ecological processes such as nutrient cycling, species dynamics, and tree regeneration, which cannot be captured by coarse resolution free-air temperature datasets. This study presents an unprecedented effort to measure microclimate across different biogeographical sites using standardized in-situ data collection and methodology. We analyzed temperature data from 145 sensors across eight distinct areas within the Amazon basin. From 2016 to 2023, nearly four million temperature readings revealed that Amazonian understory temperatures remained consistently lower than those of the surrounding...