Molecular Epidemiology, Lineage Evolutionary Dynamics, and Antigenic Variation Analysis of Type II PRRSV in China During 2024–2025

作者：Dihua Zhu, Guangyu Liu, Huixin Li, Fen Li, Xiaolong Xu, Yuanyuan Fu, P. H. Chen, Guihong Zhang, Yankuo Sun · 发表于：Transboundary and Emerging Diseases · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1155/tbed/2054759 · 被引用次数：11 · 研究领域：Animal Virus Infections Studies、Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology、Viral Infections and Immunology Research

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) represents one of the major threats to the global swine industry, with its rapid evolution and antigenic variation posing persistent challenges to disease control. Based on 328 clinical samples collected from PRRSV symptomatic (respiratory disorders, reproductive failures, and high fever) pigs across 27 provinces in China during 2024-2025, this study employed open reading frame (ORF) 5 gene sequencing, complete genome sequencing of representative strains from key lineages (including a rapidly spreading NADC30-like Lineage 1.8 strain, a vaccine-related Lineage 8.7 strain, and a genetically distinct Lineage 3 strain), phylogenetic analysis, transmission dynamics analysis, intrahost single nucleotide variant (iSNV) analysis, and recombination detection to systematically reveal the molecular epidemiological characteristics and evolutionary dynamics of type II PRRSV currently circulating in China. The results demonstrated a complex pattern of coexistence among five major lineages of type II PRRSV in China, including Lineage 1.5, Lineage 1.8, Lineage 3, Lineage 5, and Lineage 8.7, with Lineage 1.8 emerging as the predominant circulating strain (48.5% of positive samples), followed by Lineage 1.5 (23.2%), while Lineages 3, 5, and 8.7 showed more restricted geographical distribution. Spatial transmission analysis identified Guangdong and Henan as key transmission nodes, forming "viral exchange centers" connecting northern an...