Neuroprotective Effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza -Derived Extracellular Nanovesicles in Traumatic Brain Injury

作者：Beibei Chen, Bei-bei Chen, Yao Wang, Yao Wang, Yanan Li, Cong-cong Han, Jin-xiu Guo, Jun-jun Meng, Wen-xue Sun, Rong Rong, Lei Feng, Rong Rong, Pei Jiang · 发表于：Journal of Neurotrauma · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1177/08977151251383549 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Extracellular vesicles in disease、Inflammasome and immune disorders、Thermal Regulation in Medicine

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a series of pathogenic processes, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic failure, that ultimately result in neurological damage. Plant-derived bioactive compounds have demonstrated promise as treatments to reduce TBI-associated neurodegeneration. However, most previous studies have investigated the efficacy of a single active ingredient, and many such compounds have poor permeability across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), limiting their therapeutic potential. Cells release vesicles containing various signaling factors, ions, and nutrients that are subsequently taken up by adjacent cells via endocytosis. The present study explored the therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza -derived extracellular vesicles (SalEVs) for the treatment of TBI in mice model via biochemical, histological, microfluorometric, behavioral, and omics analyses. Isolated SalEVs contain an array of bioactive compounds, including tanshinones and salvianolic acids, encapsulated within a unique bilayer lipid structure, as revealed by electron microscopy and chromatography. Membrane labeling indicated that these SalEVs readily crossed the BBB of TBI model mice and accumulated at the injury site. Systemic administration of SalEVs to TBI model mice suppressed microglial activation, infiltration at the injury site, and proinflammatory phenotype transition as well as astroglial activation, neuronal reactive oxygen spe...