Cranberry Research Progress: A Systematic Review of Chemical Composition, Pharmacological Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, and Nutritional Significance

作者：Xu Jiao, Chenliang Li, Wei Wu, Lingyang Kong, Lihua Xiao, Wei Ma, Lihong Zhang · 发表于：International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/ijms26199707 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities、Botanical Research and Applications、Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies

in the family Ericaceae, often used as a functional food. Cranberries are primarily distributed in the northern United States-including Massachusetts, Wisconsin, and Maine-as well as in Quebec, Canada; the state of Columbia; Chile in South America; and northeastern Europe. They are also found in China's Greater Khingan Range and Fuyuan City, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province. The plants thrive in cool environments and exhibit considerable adaptability to soil conditions, preferring acidic soils. Cranberries are rich in a variety of biologically active components, such as polyphenols (proanthocyanidins, chlorogenic acid, flavonols, anthocyanins, caffeic acid, etc.), triterpenoids, and other nutrients. Studies have shown that the chemical components extracted from cranberry fruit have pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and urinary tract infection prevention and treatment, and are commonly used clinically in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the prevention of urinary tract infections, blood pressure lowering, and the fight against Helicobacter pylori, among other clinical diseases. Cranberries also play a huge role in daily nutrition, and they are named for their richness in a variety of mineral elements, trace elements and vitamins. This work uses information from Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and related papers. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the phytochemical composition...