Two-dimensional MXenes for sustainable energy storage: Synthesis, properties, and applications

作者：Nan Jiang, Yanlin Li, Xiaoyuan Wan, Shenghua Chen, Wanying Lei · 发表于：Journal of Energy Storage · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1016/j.est.2025.118592 · 被引用次数：10 · 研究领域：MXene and MAX Phase Materials、Advanced Memory and Neural Computing、2D Materials and Applications

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides, known as MXene, with the chemical formula M n+1 X n T x , where M is a transition metal, X is carbon or nitrogen, and T x represents surface functional groups, have attracted considerable attention across a range of fields. Their appealing characteristics, such as superior hydrophilicity, excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, and unique layered structure, make them highly promising for a wide range of applications. Meanwhile, MXene also serves as an excellent template for growing other materials with tunable properties, which makes it a very promising choice for a range of energy storage applications, including rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, and so on. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in two-dimensional (2D) MXene materials for energy storage applications. We first discuss the synthesis strategies of MXene, including both top-down approaches, such as HF and non-HF-assisted exfoliation of MAX phases, and bottom-up methods, including vapor phase deposition and templating methods. Subsequently, we examine the fundamental properties of MXene, encompassing their thermal, mechanical, and optical characteristics. Compared to other 2D materials like graphene and MoS 2 , MXene stands out due to its high metallic conductivity (>1500 S/cm), tunable surface chemistry, low ion diffusion barrier (<0.3 eV), and mechanical robustness (Young's modu...