The Associations Between the TyG Index and the Risk of Cancer—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

作者：Hongyu Li, Zijie Chen, Guoheng Jiang, Wenqian Yu, Jing Luo, Shiyi Li, Linjun Xie, Xuan Bai, Yiting Xu, Yi Jiang, Menglin He, Min Mao, Xin Wang · 发表于：Cancer Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/cam4.71232 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer、Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins、Cancer Risks and Factors

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a simple and reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR), has garnered increasing attention in metabolic research. Although IR is mechanistically linked to carcinogenesis through multiple pathways, including chronic inflammation, hyperinsulinemia-driven pro-mitogenic signaling, and altered adipokine secretion, the specific utility of the TyG index for cancer risk assessment remains unclear. This systematic review examines whether the TyG index shows consistent associations across cancer types and holds value as an independent risk predictor beyond established metabolic syndrome components. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from 2008 (the year the TyG index was established as an IR marker) to December 31, 2024, for studies on the TyG index-cancer association. Cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies were included. Using meta-analysis, we pooled effect sizes and conducted subgroup analyses by gender, region, population source, and study design. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) evaluated evidence reliability. RESULTS: This meta-analysis incorporated a total of 20 eligible studies. Our findings demonstrated that elevated TyG index levels were significantly associated with increased risks of various malignancies, including digestive system cancers (OR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.13-1.31), urogenital system cancers (OR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.53-2.71), and breast cancer (OR: 1.64, 95% CI 1...