Physical, cognitive, and mental health impacts of Omicron reinfection in patients with original SARS-CoV-2 infection: a community-based observational study

作者：Sizhen Su, Zhendong Jiang, Le Shi, Xiaoxing Liu, Zhibo Zhang, Huan Mei, Nan Gao, Shuilin Wu, Mingzhe Li, Xiong Zhang, Aijun Zhang, Chun‐lian Tang, Yongbo Zheng, Yimiao Zhao, Na Zeng, Shuyu Ni, Wei Yan, Kai Yuan, Yankun Sun, Yi Hong, Yu Lu, Jie Shi, Yanping Bao, Xiangyou Li, Lin Lu · 发表于：BMC Medicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1186/s12916-025-04322-5 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research、Long-Term Effects of COVID-19、COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection is a complication in a proportion of patients reporting ongoing health issues. However, most studies in the field of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection have focused only on self-reported symptoms and lacked long-term objective measurements. This study aimed to estimate the pattern of chronic symptoms of Omicron reinfection in patients with original SARS-CoV-2 infection by comprehensively assessments 3 years after recovery. METHODS: This community-based observational study was conducted in Wuhan, China, between January and April in 2023. All participants were recruited from community and invited to participate the interview and examination in a hospital. The subjective multi-system symptoms were self-reported. The objective radiological features and laboratory data were assessed by measuring blood inflammation and performing chest computed tomography (CT) and pulse oxygen saturation. RESULTS: Among 1438 individuals who participated in the study, 144 were infected with the original variant only in 2020, 980 were Omicron-infected in 2023, 215 were reinfected both in 2020 and 2023, and 99 were never infected. Compared with the non-infection group, the reinfection (odds ratio (OR), 5.15 [95% confidence intervals (CIs), 2.96-8.96]) group was associated with the highest risk of any of chronic physical symptoms, followed by the Omicron infection (3.45 [2.19-5.4...